Thermal modalities are by far the most commonly used modality in the rehabilitation setting. They have been used for decades to provide complementary treatment to a host of maladies. But what does the latest evidence show regarding the use of these thermal agents that have been used for decades after injury? This course provides a brief review of the purpose and physiologic basis of the application of thermal modalities as well as the indications for and contraindications to their use. The majority of this course provides a review of recent literature about their safety, efficacy, and clinical utilization. The course discusses the evidence surrounding whole body cryotherapy, the use of RICE vs. POLICE after acute injury, and the use of older modalities such as ultrasound, phonophoresis, diathermy, low level laser therapy, fluidotherapy, paraffin, heat, and ice. Note: It is anticipated that the therapist will already have a thorough understanding of the scientific rationale for using various types of thermal modalities and which modality is most appropriate for a given patient condition.Physicourses is an AOTA Approved Provider of professional development. Course approval ID# 6295. This distance learning-independent course is offered at 0.6 CEUs Intermediate Level, OT Service Delivery, Foundational Knowledge. AOTA does not endorse specific course content, products, or clinical procedures.